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The Daily Star Editorial

August 20, 2020
The Daily Star Editorial
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āĻļিāϰোāύাāĻŽ: Operating buses at full capacity will be dangerous
=āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϏāύে āϝাāϤ্āϰী āύি⧟ে āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞাāύো āĻšāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻĒāϜ্āϜāύāĻ•; 
Owners should exercise restraint as Covid-19 transmission rate increases
=āĻ•োāĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āϏংāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āĻšাāϰ āϝেāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒা⧟ āϤা āύি⧟āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖে āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āωāϚিāϤ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻ–াāϟাāύো; 
=āĻ•োāĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āϏংāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰ āϰোāϧে āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻ…āĻĒāϰিāĻšাāϰ্āϝ; 
Prepared by: Md Mohiuddin
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āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ—ুāϞি āϜেāύে āύিāχ
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ā§§। Operating buses-āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞাāύো; 
⧍। at full capacity-āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা⧟; āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϏāύে; 
ā§Š। will be dangerous-āĻŦিāϜ্āϜāύāĻ•/āĻুঁāĻ•িāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻšāĻŦে; 
ā§Ē। Owners should exercise-āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āĻ•āϰা/āϚāϰ্āϚা āĻ•āϰা/āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύ āĻ•āϰা/āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻ–াāϟাāύো āωāϚিāϤ; 
ā§Ģ। restraint-āĻĻāĻŽāύ; āύি⧟āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ; āĻŦাāϧা; 
ā§Ŧ। Covid-19 transmission rate increases-āĻ•োāĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āϏংāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻšাāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি;
ā§­। We are concerned-āφāĻŽāϰা āωāĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻ—্āύ; 
ā§Ž। at the bus owners' wish -āĻŦাāϏ āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āχāϚ্āĻ›া⧟/āφāĻ•াāĻ™্āĻ•্āώা⧟; 
⧝। to operate their vehicles-āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύ āϚাāϞাāϤে/āϚাāϞাāύোāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ; 
ā§§ā§Ļ। at  full capacity-āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϏāύে āϝাāϤ্āϰী āύি⧟ে; 
ā§§ā§§। at a time when-āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏāĻŽā§Ÿে āϝāĻ–āύ; 
⧧⧍। the number of new infections-āύāϤুāύ āϏংāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝা; 
ā§§ā§Š। and deaths  from Covid-19-āĻāĻŦং āĻ•োāĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āĻ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু; 
ā§§ā§Ē।  is still on the rise-āĻāĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻŦা⧜āĻ›ে; āĻāĻ–āύāĻ“ āωāϰ্āϧāĻŽুāĻ–ী; 
ā§§ā§Ģ। in the country-āĻĻেāĻļে; 
ā§§ā§Ŧ। Bangladesh Road  Transport Owners Association (BRTOA)-āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āϏ⧜āĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āĻŽাāϞিāĻ• āϏāĻŽিāϤি; 
ā§§ā§­। has made this demand-āĻāχ āĻĻাāĻŦি āϜাāύি⧟েāĻ›েāύ; 
ā§§ā§Ž। to the  government-āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে/āύিāĻ•āϟে; 
⧧⧝। claiming that-āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ•āϰে; āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে; 
⧍ā§Ļ। the Covid-19 situation is getting back to  normal here-āĻ•োāĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āĻĒāϰিāϏ্āĻĨিāϤি āĻāĻĻিāĻ•ে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ• āĻšā§Ÿে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ে; 
⧍⧧। Since there have been allegations-āĻ…āĻ­িāϝোāĻ— āĻĨাāĻ•াāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে; 
⧍⧍। against the bus operators -āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে; 
ā§¨ā§Š। of charging extra fares from passengers-āϝাāϤ্āϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻ­া⧜া āύে⧟াāϰ; 
⧍ā§Ē। the owners are now saying that-āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āϰা āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦāϞāĻ›ে āϝে; 
⧍ā§Ģ। they would charge the passengers previous fares-āϤাāϰা āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻ­া⧜া āύিāĻŦে āϝাāϤ্āϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে; 
⧍ā§Ŧ। if they are allowed to  run at full capacity-āϤাāϰা āϝāĻĻি āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϏāύে āϝাāϤ্āϰী āύি⧟ে āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞাāύোāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŽāϤি āĻĒা⧟; 
⧍⧭। But allowing "full-scale" movement-āϤāĻŦে āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŽাāϤ্āϰা⧟ āϚāϞাāϚāϞেāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŽāϤি; 
ā§¨ā§Ž। of public  transport -āĻ—āĻŖ-āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύেāϰ; 
⧍⧝। would further increase-āφāϰো āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāĻŦে; āφāϰো āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াāĻŦāύা āφāĻ›ে; 
ā§Šā§Ļ। the transmission of the deadly virus-āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖāϘাāϤী āĻ­াāχāϰাāϏেāϰ āϏংāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ/āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰ; 
ā§Šā§§। according to the health experts-āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻžāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤে; 
ā§Šā§¨। When the services of public transport-āϝāĻ–āύ āĻ—āĻŖāĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ  āϏেāĻŦা; āϝāĻ–āύ āĻ—āĻŖāĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āϚāϞাāϚāϞ; 
ā§Šā§Š। resumed on June 1-āϜুāύেāϰ ā§§ āϤাāϰিāĻ– āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে/āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ; 
ā§Šā§Ē। after more  than two months-āĻĻুāχ āĻŽাāϏেāϰāĻ“ āĻŦেāĻļি āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĒāϰ; 
ā§Šā§Ģ। of suspension-āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻĨাāĻ•াāϰ;
ā§Šā§Ŧ। the road transport and bridges ministry-āϏ⧜āĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āĻ“ āϏেāϤু āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖাāϞ⧟; 
ā§Šā§­। gave specific directives-āϏুāύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা āĻĻি⧟েāĻ›িāϞ; 
ā§Šā§Ž। to the operators -āϚাāϞāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি; 
ā§Šā§¯। on how they should operate-āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϚাāϞাāύো āωāϚিāϤ āϏে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে; 
ā§Ēā§Ļ। The bus fare-āĻŦাāϏ āĻ­া⧜া; 
ā§Ēā§§। was increased by 60 percent-ā§Ŧā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ; 
ā§Ē⧍। on conditions that -āĻļāϰ্āϤে āϝে; 
ā§Ēā§Š। bus  operators would carry passengers -āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞāĻ•āϰা āϝাāϤ্āϰী āύিāĻŦে/āĻŦāĻšāύ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে; 
ā§Ēā§Ē। at half their capacity-āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤাāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āϧেāĻ•ে; 
ā§Ēā§Ģ। they  would not carry any standing passengers-āϤাāϰা āĻ•োāύো āĻĻা⧜াāύো āϝাāϤ্āϰী āύিāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে āύা; 
ā§Ēā§Ŧ। The ministry circular also  mentioned that-āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖাāϞ⧟েāϰ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžāĻĒ্āϤিāϤে āφāϰো āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āϝে; 
ā§Ēā§­। health safety guidelines-āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āύিāϰাāĻĒāϤ্āϤা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা; 
ā§Ēā§Ž। would have to be maintained by  all-āϏāĻŦাāχāĻ•ে āĻŽেāύে āϚāϞāϤেāχ āĻšāĻŦে; 
ā§Ē⧝। Sadly-āĻĻু:āĻ–āϜāύāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰ āĻšāϞো; 
ā§Ģā§Ļ। these directives-āĻāϏāĻŦ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা; 
ā§Ģā§§। were hardly followed by the bus operatorsāĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞāĻ•āϰা āĻŽেāύে āϚāϞেāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāχ āϚāϞে;
ā§Ģ⧍। Reportedly-āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻĻāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϜাāύা āϝা⧟; 
ā§Ģā§Š। many of them charged the passengers-āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াংāĻļāχ āϝাāϤ্āϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āφāϰোāĻĒ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে (āĻ­া⧜া āύি⧟েāĻ›ৈ); 
ā§Ģā§Ē। more than 60 percent  of the previous fare-āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻ­া⧜াāϰ ā§Ŧā§Ļ%āĻāϰāĻ“ āĻŦেāĻļি; 
ā§Ģā§Ģ। and also did not keep the required number of seats  vacant in a bus-āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāϏে āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟ āϏংāĻ–্āϝāĻ• āφāϏāύ āĻĢাāĻ•া āϰাāĻ–া āĻšā§Ÿāύি; 
ā§Ģā§Ŧ। meaning that -āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž; 
ā§Ģā§­। physical distancing guidelines-āĻļাāϰীāϰিāĻ• āĻĻূāϰāϤ্āĻŦ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা; 
ā§Ģā§Ž। were not  followed-āĻŽাāύা āĻšā§Ÿāύি; āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿāύি; 
ā§Ģ⧝। Although BRTA took some steps-āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻŦিāφāϰāϟিāĻ āĻ•āϤিāĻĒ⧟/āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•্āώেāĻĒ/āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āύি⧟েāĻ› (āύি⧟েāĻ›িāϞ); 
ā§Ŧā§Ļ। against the non-compliant bus  operators-āύা āĻŽাāύা āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে; āĻ…āύāĻŽāύāĻļীāϞ āĻŦাāϏ āϚাāϞāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে; 
ā§Ŧā§§। and fined them for charging extra fares-āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻ­া⧜া āύে⧟াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āϜāϰিāĻŽাāύা āĻ•āϰে (āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞ); 
ā§Ŧ⧍। we wonder -āφāĻŽāϰা āĻ…āĻŦাāĻ• āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ি; 
ā§Ŧā§Š। what has  been done to make sure-āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻ•ী āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে; 
ā§Ŧā§Ē। they follow the health safety guidelines-āϤাāϰা āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āύিāϰাāĻĒāϤ্āϤা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা āĻŽেāύে āϚāϞে; 
ā§Ŧā§Ģ। Clearly-āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāϤ; 
ā§Ŧā§Ŧ। public buses have played a big role -āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āĻŦাāϏāĻ—ুāϞো/āĻ—āĻŖ-āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āĻŦ⧜ āϧāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āϰাāĻ–āĻ›ে; 
ā§Ŧā§­। in increasing the spread of  the virus-āĻ­াāχāϰাāϏেāϰ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧিāϤে; 
ā§Ŧā§Ž। particularly in the capital-āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•āϰে āϰাāϜāϧাāύীāϤে; 
ā§Ŧ⧝। as they have hardly followed  any safety guidelines-āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āϤাāϰা āĻ•োāύো āϰāĻ•āĻŽ āύিāϰাāĻĒāϤ্āϤা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāχ āϚāϞে; 
ā§­ā§Ļ। And now if the bus owners-āφāϰ āĻāĻ–āύ āϝāĻĻি āĻŦাāϏ āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•েāϰা; 
ā§­ā§§। run their vehicles-āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύ āϚাāϞা⧟; 
⧭⧍। at full capacity-āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϏāύে; āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা⧟; 
ā§­ā§Š। there  is no doubt that-āĻ•োāύো āϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻš āύেāχ āϝে; 
ā§­ā§Ē। the coronavirus situation in the country-āĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻ•āϰোāύাāĻ­াāχāϰাāϏ āĻĒāϰিāϏ্āĻĨিāϤি; 
ā§­ā§Ģ। will get  worse-āφāϰো āĻ–াāϰাāĻĒেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϝাāĻŦে; 
ā§­ā§Ŧ। No matter-āĻŦিāώ⧟ āύা; 
ā§­ā§­। how many directives are issued by the government-āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ…āύেāĻ• āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϜাāϰি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে; 
ā§­ā§Ž। about  maintaining health safety guidelines-āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āύিāϰাāĻĒāϤ্āϤা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύা āĻŦāϜা⧟ āϰাāĻ–াāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে; 
⧭⧝। those will be useless-āϐāĻ—ুāϞিāϏāĻŦ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻšীāύ/āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻšীāύ āĻšāĻŦে; 
ā§Žā§Ļ। unless the  government can ensure-āϝāĻĻিāύা āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে; 
ā§Žā§§। their proper implementation-āϏেāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āĻŦাāϏ্āϤāĻŦা⧟āύ; 
ā§Žā§¨। Needless to say-āĻŦāϞাāϰ āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώা āϰাāĻ–ে āύা; 
ā§Žā§Š। the  risk of spreading the virus-āĻ­াāχāϰাāϏ āĻ›ā§œি⧟ে āĻĒ⧜াāϰ āĻুāĻ•ি; 
ā§Žā§Ē। will be high -āωāϚ্āϚ/āĻŦেāĻļি āĻšāĻŦে; 
ā§Žā§Ģ। in overcrowded buses-āĻ—াāĻĻাāĻ—াāĻĻি āĻ—াāϏে; āĻ­ি⧜ে āĻ াāϏা āĻŦাāϏে;
ā§Žā§Ŧ। Thus-āϏুāϤāϰাং; 
ā§Žā§­। we  expect-āφāĻŽāϰা āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝাāĻļা āĻ•āϰি; 
ā§Žā§Ž। a well-thought-out decision-āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏুāϚিāύ্āϤিāϤ āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ; 
ā§Žā§¯। from the government-āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻĒāĻ•্āώ āĻĨেāĻ•ে; 
⧝ā§Ļ। regarding -āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে; 
⧝⧧। the bus  owners' demand-āĻŦাāϏ āĻŽাāϞিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻĻাāĻŦি; 
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Prepared by: Md Mohiuddin
********āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ•ী⧟āϟি āĻĒ⧜ি*******
Operating buses at full capacity will be dangerous
Owners should exercise restraint as Covid-19 transmission rate increases
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We are concerned at the bus owners' wish to operate their vehicles at  full capacity at a time when the number of new infections and deaths  from Covid-19 is still on the rise in the country. Bangladesh Road  Transport Owners Association (BRTOA) has made this demand to the  government claiming that the Covid-19 situation is getting back to  normal here. Since there have been allegations against the bus operators  of charging extra fares from passengers, the owners are now saying that  they would charge the passengers previous fares if they are allowed to  run at full capacity. But allowing "full-scale" movement of public  transport would further increase the transmission of the deadly virus,  according to the health experts.
https://www.facebook.com/groups/532872313973139/?ref=share
āύি⧟āĻŽিāϤ  Daily Star news paper āĻĒ⧜āϤে āĻāχ āĻ—্āϰুāĻĒে āϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāύ। 

When the services of public transport resumed on June 1, after more  than two months of suspension, the road transport and bridges ministry  gave specific directives to the operators on how they should operate.  The bus fare was increased by 60 percent on conditions that bus  operators would carry passengers at half their capacity and that they  would not carry any standing passengers. The ministry circular also  mentioned that health safety guidelines would have to be maintained by  all. Sadly, these directives were hardly followed by the bus operators.
Reportedly, many of them charged the passengers more than 60 percent  of the previous fare and also did not keep the required number of seats  vacant in a bus, meaning that physical distancing guidelines were not  followed. Although BRTA took some steps against the non-compliant bus  operators and fined them for charging extra fares, we wonder what has  been done to make sure they follow the health safety guidelines.  Clearly, public buses have played a big role in increasing the spread of  the virus, particularly in the capital, as they have hardly followed  any safety guidelines.
And now if the bus owners run their vehicles at full capacity, there  is no doubt that the coronavirus situation in the country will get  worse. No matter how many directives are issued by the government about  maintaining health safety guidelines, those will be useless unless the  government can ensure their proper implementation. Needless to say, the  risk of spreading the virus will be high in overcrowded buses. Thus, we  expect a well-thought-out decision from the government regarding the bus  owners' demand.

Prepared by: Md Mohiuddin Sir.
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ā§§। āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϝাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ – āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ


⧍। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āύি⧟ে āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻ­ুāϞ āϧাāϰāĻŖা


ā§Š। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ (āĻĒ্āϰāĻļাāϏāύ)-āĻ•ে āĻ•েāύ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻ•্āϝাāĻĄাāϰ āĻāϰ āϰাāϜা āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ


ā§Ē। āϝāĻĻি āĻ•ূāϟāύীāϤিāĻ• āĻšāϤে āϚাāĻ“


ā§Ģ। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒ্āϰিāϞিāĻŽিāύাāϰি - āĻŦাংāϞা


ā§Ŧ। āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āύি⧟ে ⧍ā§Ģ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ


ā§­। āχংāϰেāϜিāϰ āϭ⧟ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϜ⧟ āϝা āĻŽাāύāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ


ā§Ž। āĻĒ্āϰিāϞিāĻŽিāύাāϰি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻ­াāϞ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ: āχংāϰেāϜি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ


⧝। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻ­াāϞ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ: āĻ—āĻŖিāϤ


ā§§ā§Ļ। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻ­াāϞ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ: āϤ্āϰিāĻ•োāĻŖāĻŽিāϤি āĻ“ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽিāϤি


ā§§ā§§। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻ­াāϞ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ: āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি


⧧⧍। āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύ, āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ, āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ āĻ“ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻ­াāϞো āĻ•āϰাāϰ āωāĻĒা⧟


ā§§ā§Š। āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύে āĻ…āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ


ā§§ā§Ē। āĻĒ্āϰিāϞিāĻŽিāύাāϰি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āύি⧟ে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•āĻĨা


ā§§ā§Ģ। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤি: āĻ—াāĻŖিāϤিāĻ• āϝুāĻ•্āϤি, āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি


ā§§ā§Ŧ। āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ āĻ“ āύৈāϤিāĻ•āϤা⧟ āĻ­াāϞো āĻ•āϰāϤে āϚাāχāϞে


ā§§ā§­। āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏেāϰ āĻŦāχ āĻĒ⧜াāχ āϏāĻŦ āύ⧟


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#āĻ“āϏāĻŽাāύি #āφāϤ্āĻŽāϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĒāĻŖ āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύ #āĻŽিāĻļāϰ #Egypt ā§§. āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ ā§§. āĻš্āϝাāύ্āĻĄāύোāϟ āĻāĻŦং āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻŦāĻšুāϞ āϚিāϤ্āϰ ā§§ā§Ļ. āύৈāϤিāĻ•āϤা āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āĻ“ āϏুāĻļাāϏāύ ā§§ā§§. āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ ⧍. āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ ā§Š. āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦিāώāϝ়াāĻŦāϞি ā§Ē. āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāώāϝ়াāĻŦāϞি ā§Ēā§Ļā§Ļāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύোāϤ্āϤāϰ: āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ-āĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি 43rd BCS ā§Ģ. āĻ­াāχāĻ­া āĻŦোāϰ্āĻĄ ā§Ģ. āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ (āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ) āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻĻুāϰ্āϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύা ā§Ģ⧍ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ā§­ā§§ ā§Ŧ. āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ ā§­ āĻŽাāϰ্āϚ ā§­. āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি ā§Ž. āĻ—াāĻŖিāϤিāĻ• āϝুāĻ•্āϤি ⧝. āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা āĻ…āύুāĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖা āĻ…āύুāĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖা - Motivation āφāχāύāĻ•াāύুāύ āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāώ⧟: āϏীāĻŽাāϰেāĻ–া āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āϏীāĻŽাāϰেāĻ–া āφāĻĒāĻĄেāϟ āφāĻĒāĻĄেāϟ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ“ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ• āφāϞোāϚিāϤ ā§§ā§§ āϜāύ āĻ•āĻŦি-āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ• āĻ“ āϤাঁāĻĻেāϰ āϰāϚāύাāĻŦāϞী āχংāϰেāϜি āχংāϰেāϜি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āωāĻĒাāϧি āĻ“ āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽ āĻāϟāϰ্āύি āϜেāύাāϰেāϞ āĻāĻŦাāϰ āϝাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ—āĻŖিāϤ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦৈāϜ্āĻžাāύিāĻ• āύাāĻŽ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤি āϚāϰ্āϝাāĻĒāĻĻ āϚāϰ্āϝাāĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•āĻŦিāĻ—āĻŖ āϜাāϤীāϝ় āϜ্āĻžাāύ-āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύেāϰ āĻļাāĻ–া āĻāĻŦং āϜāύāĻ• āϜ্āϝাāĻŽিāϤিāĻ• āϏূāϤ্āϰ āĻĻেāĻļী āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύীāϰা āύāĻĻ-āύāĻĻী āύāĻŦāĻŽ-āĻĻāĻļāĻŽ āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖিāϰ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĒāϤ্āϰিāĻ•া āĻāĻŦং āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽ āĻĒāĻĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĒāϰāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāύীāϤি āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ V. V. V. I. āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻĻুāϰ্āϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύা āĻĒāϰিāĻŽিāϤিāϰ (Mensuration) āϏূāϤ্āϰাāĻŦāϞিāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻĒাঁāϚāĻŽিāĻļাāϞী āϤāĻĨ্āϝ + āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻĒাāϰিāĻ­াāώিāĻ• āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĒুāϰাāϤāύ āĻ“ āύāϤুāύ āύাāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤিāĻšীāύ āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻĢāϞা āĻāĻŦং āϝুāĻ•্āϤাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻĢাঁāĻĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻĢিāϞিāϏ্āϤিāύ Palestine āĻĢ্āϰাāύ্āϏেāϰ āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ-āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻŦেāώ āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŦāύ্āϧু āϏ্āϝাāϟেāϞাāχāϟ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ“ āχংāϰেāϜি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽিāϞāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻাāϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻĻুāχ āĻŽāĻšাāϰāĻĨী āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻĒāϰিāϚāϝ় āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦিāώāϝ়াāĻŦāϞি āĻŦাāĻ—āϧাāϰা āĻŦাāύাāύ āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧিāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āϤি āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻ­াāχāĻ­া āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤি āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧিāϜীāĻŦী āĻšāϤ্āϝাāĻ•াāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻ­াāώা āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ āĻ­ৌāĻ—োāϞিāĻ• āωāĻĒāύাāĻŽ āĻ­্āϝাāĻ•āϏিāύ āĻ•ূāϟāύীāϤি āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϟেāϏ্āϟ āĻŽāĻĄেāϞāϟেāϏ্āϟ āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻļ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ• āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝāĻ•āϰ্āĻŽ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āĻŦীāϰāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ–েāϤাāĻŦ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝāĻ­াāĻŖ্āĻĄাāϰ āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖ āϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ—াāχāĻĄāϞাāχāύ āϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āϞেāĻ–া āĻ“ āϞেāĻ–āĻ• āĻļেāώ āĻŽুāĻšুāϰ্āϤেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤি āĻ“ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ āĻļ্āϰেāώ্āĻ  āĻŦাāĻ™াāϞি ✏️✏️ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ āϏংāĻļোāϧāύী āϏāĻĻāϰ-āĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰ āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤা āϏāĻŽাāϏ āϏাāϜেāĻļāύ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ• āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ-āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāϰ্āĻ— āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ• āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻ•āύāĻĢিāωāĻļāύ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāϤ্āϝ āĻ“ āϏ্āĻĨāĻĒāϤি āϏ্āĻĒোāĻ•েāύ āχংāϞিāĻļ All Things Review Bangladesh Constitution BCS Preliminary Question Analysis BCS Preparation Special Episodes BCS Questions Earn Money Eat Chew Drink Take Have ? English Grammar English Grammar Exercises with Answers English Grammar Test English Literature Essay Writing General Science ICT Idioms and Phrases International financial institutions Love Stories in Literature Nobel Prize One Word Substitution Preposition Quiz Redundancy āĻŦাāĻšুāϞ্āϝ (āĻĻোāώ) Shortcut to Preposition Spoken English Terrorism Transformation of Sentences 👍 Translation United Nations Vocabulary Warrant of Precedence World Wars

āĻāϟি āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ:


Literary Terms 


1. Simile (āωāĻĒāĻŽা):

āĻĻুāϟি āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āĻĻুāχāϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে as, like, resemble, the same as āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻ—ুāϞােāϰ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āϤুāϞāύা āĻ•āϰাāĻ•ে simile āĻŦāϞে। 

Example -

• I wandered lonely as a cloud. 

• Youth (is) like summer morn.

• My heart is like a singing bird. 

• He is as cunning as a fox. 


2. Metaphor (āϰূāĻĒāĻ•):

āĻĻুāϟি āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āĻĻুāχāϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে comparision āĻāϰ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻš (āϝেāĻŽāύ: as, such, like āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āύা āĻ•āϰেāχ āϤুāϞāύা āĻ•āϰাāĻ•ে metaphor āĻŦāϞে। 

Example -

• Liza is a rose.

• Life is but a walking shadow. 

• Nazrul is fire.

• My brother was boiling mad. 


Note: āĻāĻ•āχ āϜাāϤীāϝ় āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϤুāϞāύা āĻšāϞে ......... Read More 


📓 āĻĒুāϰো āφāϰ্āϟিāĻ•েāϞ/āĻĒোāϏ্āϟāϟি āĻĒāĻĄ়ুāύ